Classification of Knowledge in Islamic Era of Iran and the Reflection of Exact Sciences in It

The division of sciences began with Aristotle's work in the world of knowledge, and today the classification of sciences is one of the most important topics in the philosophy of science. The division of sciences has always been of interest to scientists in the Islamic world. In the middle ages, the perspective of each science was clarified with other sciences, and the geometry of sciences in Islamic civilization was determined. Farabi is the founding philosopher in the precise classification of sciences, especially the minute sciences in the Islamic world. The second to the seventh centuries AH was the period of the flourishing of sciences in Islamic lands, as a result of which science or the technique of classifying sciences emerged and played an important role in the development of knowledge. The division of sciences in Islamic civilization has been linked to the administration and management of society. Minute sciences constitute a major part of knowledge and these sciences are somehow related to mathematics. Exact sciences are considered from two aspects: the role of these sciences in Islamic lands and the effects of Islamic teachings on exact sciences. In this research, the issue of minute sciences among Islamic thinkers up to the seventh century has been addressed and the theoretical foundations of its division have been addressed. The research method is library.