A New QoS-Based Routing Protocol for Video Streaming in VANETs Using ACO Algorithm and ‎Fuzzy Logic

The multi-path transmission is an appropriate transmission method for high data rate packets like video streaming. To provide video streaming with high quality, the video packets are divided into different frames for transmitting through various paths. Nevertheless, regarding the results of numerous inherent features of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), designing an efficient and stable routing protocol is difficult for various applications of VANETs. In particular, the dynamic nature of topology and intermittent connectivity make maintaining the quality of service (QoS) task very difficult. To provide QoS to entertainment applications and traffic safety in VANET, we offer a routing protocol based on the adaptive intersection with QoS support regarding delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and connectivity probability. To establish the best QoS routes, we considered the equivalent routing problem as the optimization problem and then proposed an algorithm based on ant colony optimization (ACO) for solving it. Furthermore, a fuzzy logic-based algorithm was employed to select the best next-hop vehicle by incorporating multiple metrics associated with the vehicle’s position, link quality, and vehicle mobility. According to the simulation results, the proposed approach achieves the average PDR of more than 84.2%, the end-to-end delay of less than 3.58 s, the overhead of less than 15.65%, and the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of more than 20.82 dB. It is understandable from the result analysis that the performance of the proposed approach is excellent.