Population structure, Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of control region of mtDNA in Adani goat breed

Goats are highly adapted domesticated species and are considered as genetic resources for human beings around the world. Protecting and identifying genetic diversity in goat populations is imperative because of the risk of a severe decline. The Adani dairy goat is one of the most important indigenous goat breeds of Iran and is reared in the coastal area of the Persian Gulf in Boushehr province. In spite of high temperatures, humidity and low quality and quantity pastures, the breed has been well adapted to the harsh environmental conditions. Considering the importance of conservation of indigenous breeds adapted to harsh environmental conditions, the objective of the current study was to determine the maternal line and the phylogenetic relationship Adani goat breed using hyper variable region 1 (HVR 1). For this purpose, blood samples were collected from 12 Adani goats of Bushehr province. After DNA extraction, a 968 base pair fragment was amplified by specific primers using the PCR method and sequenced. Analysis of HVR1 sequences showed 10 haplotypes with 42 different positions. Moreover, the haplotype and nucleotide diversity based on HVR1 region were estimated 0.954 and 0.0123, respectively. These results indicate high genetic variation in Adani goat. The phylogenetic tree pattern revealed that the Adani goat was clustered with Afar breed from Ethiopia and also, was classified into haplogroup A. This could be due to the geographical location of Bushehr province and its location next to the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman.