The relationship of Echo-Waveform Data in the Form of Bed Sediments through Investigation of Spectral Sensity of Echoes

A well-known method for identifying and classifying sea and river bed sediments through acoustic instruments is based on sending and receiving sound waves to the bed. Reflected sound waves from sediments have several properties that can be used to identify and classify the type of sediment in the bed. For this purpose, in order to investigate the acoustic behavior of sediments, 4 types of sediments with different dimensions are prepared in the laboratory tank bed and then sound waves in 4 frequencies 55, 60, 65 and 70 kHz are sent from the water surface by the sound generating device and then return waves from bed sediments are recorded. In order to investigate the measured data with the type of bed sediments, the spectral power density characteristic of echoes including two periodogram and burg methods were used. In the first method, the average power parameter and in the second method, the absolute slope value parameter, between the minimum and maximum peaks, were investigated as two features to examine the relationship between data and bed material. The results indicate that these parameters have a significant relationship with the type of sediment and can be used to separate, identify and classify sediments.