An Evaluation Of Ecological Solutions Based On Energy Efficiency In The Vernacular Architecture Of Ardabil

Vernacular architecture is the product of environmental, social, and economic innovations.In fact, this type of architecture seeks to make buildings compatible with the environment via the use of local knowledge and experiences.Bearing in mind the issue of energy efficiency,attending to the sustainable elements of local housing and its ecological aspects is of paramount importance since buildings are one of the structures that cause the highest level of damage to the environment. Therefore,the purpose of this study was to first recognize the ecological components derived from vernacular architecture and then propose indigenous solutions to encounter climatic and environmental problems.In this descriptive analytical study,all these factors were analyzed in 3 traditional houses built in 3 different eras in Ardabil.To collect the needed data, documentary studies were checked and various interviews, observations,and field investigations were conducted. In these houses,the architectural features that were derived from ecological components were recognized and investigated via the analysis of various aspects including design and construction techniques,type of plan,orientation,and innovative solutions used to make the spatial layout more appropriate for the comfort and welfare of the residents.The results revealed that in the construction of walls and roofs of these buildings, insulating materials and techniques have been used based on the traditional technology of that time.In addition,paying attention to the size of window openings,use of triple-pane windows, use of greenhouse effect in main spaces, separation of winter and summer living spaces,existence of connection joints,etc. are other ecological solutions that have been derived from the vernacular architecture of this region