Study on the factors effective in callus induction in grape

Table grapes are of important horticultural crops being cultured in many countries. Callus production in grape can be conducted for micropropagation by embryogenesis, gene transferring and secondary metabolites production. In this study the effects of some chemical factors were investigated on grape callus proliferation. In first experiment, the effects of different culture medium (MS, WPM and B5) and different concentrations of NAA (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mgl-1) and Kinetin (1, 2 and 3 mgl-1) were investigated in a factorial completely randomized design. Also in another experiments the effects of different macroelement salts including NH4NO3, KNO3, CaCl2.2H2O, MgSO4.7H2O and KH2PO4 (at 1, 1.25, 1.5 and 2 times MS medium) and also the effect of different carbohydrate sources (white sugar, grade sucrose and brown sugar) and their concentrations (20, 30 and 40 gl-1) were investigated in a completely randomized design (CRD). The highest callus fresh weight (12.31 g) was obtained from T7 treatment (MS medium with0.5 mg -1NAAand2 mg-1 Kin). Results also indicated that increasing MgSO4.7H2O and NH4NO3 (1.25 and 1.5 times), and also CaCl2.2H2O (1.5 and 2 times) concentrations results in the highest callus fresh weight. Also, results showed that the use of 30 gl-1 brown sugar resulted in the highest callus fresh weight.