Evaluation of the Urban Fabric Vulnerability in the Earthquake Crisis (Case Study Qazvin`s regions)

Today, cities around the world for various reasons, including location, unsuitable physical development, poor standards of construction and etc are faced with Risks and damage caused by natural disasters. Every year several large earthquakes in the country, especially in areas with high seismicity occur that it causes a lot of damages and casualties .Crisis management refers to the actions set that occurred before, during and after the disaster, one of the problems in the past centuries that is threatened Life of human societies, Natural disaster and accidents. Considering these kinds of natural disasters and environmental disasters that occur in this species is different. One of the areas in the disasters, especially earthquakes, suffered seriously is urban areas and urban fabrics. This issue shows clearer Necessity planning in order to reduce the effects of the crisis. In urban areas, harmful effects of the occurrence of natural disasters, including combination of physical and dysfunction of the city's devastation. Demolition of structures and residential buildings, and a vital artery such as roads, telephone lines, electricity lines, water piping, gas lines and etc of cases where it can be noted. In addition to direct damage caused by destruction of installations and buildings, Gas leak and fire damage caused by disasters should be considered. Another dimension of crisis is human disaster. This mortality, especially in areas of high population and areas have a compact texture are more. Along with many of the sciences in order to reduce damage and mortality caused by earthquakes, urban planning can be seen effective in this area. Reduce vulnerability and immunization city against the hazards of earthquakes will accrue when it is considered as a goal at all levels in planning. The urban planning as a mid-level planning is presented the most efficient planning to reduce levels of vulnerability to earthquakes. To organize urban fabric for reducing vulnerability it is essential, should be revealed integrated network as a vital "safety net". "Safety net" is not just a set of streets and roads but a continuous and organized network of main roads and most important centers is needed in times of crisis. In all circumstances disturbance of this network should be prevented. In this research effort is to define criteria and indicators of environment, population - social, economic, Physical, Vulnerable areas of the city of Qazvin should be assessed with using multiple decisions making. Finally determined, the third region of 19 regions of the Qazvin are high vulnerable in earthquake. This issue can determine attention to immunization and Retrofitting urban fabric than before. After that it should be studied vital and effective physical elements of crisis management to reduce vulnerability in times of crisis were identified in other studies. The optimal locations of these facilities were identified by defining criteria and indicators. Finally, primary and secondary routes in the city of Qazvin were identified with regard to regulations and standards governing the primary and secondary routes and the placement of facilities and access to various facilities in the shortest possible time.