Application of Bioceramics in Heating Textiles with Far Infrared Waves: A Review

A ll living organs are exposed to sunlight electromagnetic rays. Infrared rays (thermal energy) are part of energy in the electromagnetic spectrum. The infrared spectrum is divided into three main categories according to its wavelength; near, middle and far infrared. The use of far infrared waves in medical textiles to regulate human body temperature has a variety of applications. For example, textile composites made with suitable materials can meet this demand. In this review, first fundamental theories of the infrared spectrum and its application in the industry are discussed, then the biological effect and how it affects living cells are reviewed. Bioceramics are one of the effective materials in the preparation of heating medical textiles in medical applications. The results of researchers' works in the field of thermal properties of bio ceramic treated textiles activated with infrared rays are compared and presented. The results show that the thermal properties of textiles should be measured in the wavelength range of 5 μm to 20 μm of the far infrared waves. Furthermore, studies have also shown that zirconium-based bioceramic nanoparticles show higher radiative power and heat transfer than other bioceramics. Also, despite the type of bioceramic used, the particle size, cross section of the fibers, additives and dispersion factor are very important parameters.