Chitosan-based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors

Biosensor technology represents a combination of biochemistry, molecular biology, chemistry, physics, electronics and computers. Because biosensors are a powerful tool for identifying biological molecules, they are now used in various medical sciences, chemical industries, food industries, environmental monitoring, pharmaceuticals and health products. Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin. It is a non-toxic, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable polymer. In addition to these properties, chitosan has a good film-forming ability which allows it to be widely used for the development of sensors and biosensors. This review will be focused on the use of chitosan-based composites for the preparation of the electrochemical sensors. It also aims to provide an overview of the advantages of using chitosan as an immobilization platform for biomolecules by highlighting its applications in electrochemical biosensors. Furthermore, the application of molecularly imprinted chitosan for the preparation of the electrochemical sensors will be discussed.