Combining conceptual metaphors and images in Hafez's divan

Cognitive linguistics deals with the relationship between language, mind, and human physical and social experiences, and as a meaning approach, it includes the foundation of a set of theories, the most important of which is conceptual metaphor. From the point of view of this theory; Metaphors are an essential tool for understanding abstract and intangible things in the human mind and their field of work and influence is not at the level of words but in the depth of meaning and concepts. Examine conceptual metaphor theory and examine the areas of mapping or correspondence between the two domains of origin and destination that are done with the help of images.

This research is a descriptive, analytical method with a review of 20 lyric poems from Hafez's Divan based on the topics of "origin, destination, mapping and image" in the context of cognitive linguistic theory. The method of data extraction is such that first the linguistic metaphors are extracted and among these metaphors, the main maps hidden in them are identified. Then, the mental and visual concepts of some of their semantic functions are also analyzed.

The domains defined in the theory of conceptual metaphor and its examples are in many ways similar to the conceptual and practical contexts of Hafez's poems; In a way, Hafez's sonnets can be considered as an example of conceptual metaphors that use various maps and images to convey meanings and concepts appropriate to them.

Metaphor in Hafez's divan is a powerful tool for expressing complex meanings, ambiguity and distance from the mind and image, which is best utilized using the poetic poetic and linguistic experience. According to the research data, the most important and most frequent maps and types of objective examples that Hafez has used to describe and illustrate them are: "Nature, love, hope, asceticism, mysticism and blame", which is the highest frequency of metaphorical concepts in Hafez's court. It is related to "nature" and the least is related to "mysticism and blame."