Association of IL-17A Polymorphism with Chronic Periodontitis in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Statement of the Problem: 

The association of genetic polymorphisms with periodontitis has been studied extensively. The IL-17 is a group of cytokines which comprises six different molecules (IL-17A, B, C, D, E & F). Among these IL-17A & F are the most commonly understood cytokine which plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases and periodontal inflammation.

To evaluate whether Interleukin -17A gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of chronic periodontitis in type 1 diabetes patients.

The quantitative case- control study was carried out in 60 subjects and consists of 4 groups which included, Group A: 15 Type 1 diabetes patients (T1DM) with chronic periodontitis (CP), Group B: 15 T1DM patients without CP, Group C: 15 Non-diabetic patients with CP, Group D: 15 Non-diabetic patients without CP. Blood samples were drawn from the subjects and analyzed for IL-17A polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

There was no statistical significant difference seen in the genotype distribution among CP patients with or without T1DM and healthy controls. Odds ratio and p value indicated that increased risks for CP were associated with IL-17A allele (G) in patients with T1DM. This allele was correlated with worse clinical parameters of CP in T1DM patients.

The present study revealed that IL-17A (rs2275913) polymorphism was not associated with increased risk for CP in T1DM patients.