The Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase in PredictingRhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure; a Narra-tive Review

Determining the diagnostic value of available biomarkers in predicting rhabdomyolysis-inducedacute kidney injury (AKI) is a priority. This study aimed to review the current evidence about the value of lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) in this regard.

In this narrative review, the papers in PubMed, Embase, and webof science were studied. The keywords prognosis, prognoses, prognostic, LDH, rhabdomyolysis, emergency pa-tients, and acute kidney failure or AKI had been selected from MeSH medical dictionary. Related papers writtenin English and published from November 2007 to December 2020 were selected.

Finally, 14 articleswere accepted for analysis. Among the selected articles, four were randomized clinical trials, seven were cross-sectional, and three were case-control studies. The results of the present review showed that abuse of illegaldrugs is the most common cause of rhabdomyolysis. AKI is the most serious complication of rhabdomyolysisreported in the studies. These studies have shown a three-fold increase in AKI following drug-induced rhab-domyolysis. The review of the included articles shows that high LDH can predicts AKI, especially in critical andemergency situations such as rhabdomyolysis where there is a risk of death if diagnosed late. These studiesshow that LDH increases in the presence of renal failure and tissue damage.

Serum LDH is an ap-propriate and cost-effective prognostic indicator that can be used for risk classification of patients at risk forrhabdomyolysis-induced AKI.