Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Water/Cement Ratio (w/c), Type and Percentage of Fly Ash on Concrete Strength against Chloride Ion Penetration and Its Porosity

In this research, the effect of water-to-cement ratio (w/c), type and percentage of fly ash on concrete permeability, rapid penetration of ion chloride (RCPT), and porosity measurements using mercury (MIP) was performed, which consists of 18 concrete mixing designs (total number of 216 samples). The results show that reduction of water to cement ratio (w/c) decreases porosity and penetration volume, but this results in a rapid reduction of efficiency and new operating problems, and also in comparison with increasing the percentage of ash of wind, Has had a lower impact on the strength of concrete against chloride ion. Also, increasing the percentage of all three types of air ash, reduces the penetration of the ion chloride, porosity, and penetration volume, and also increases the efficiency of the concrete. From the results of this study, it can be seen that the water/cement ratio (w/c), the type and percentage of ash in the concrete have a significant effect on the concrete permeability and have increased or decreased the durability and efficiency of the concrete. An interesting point in the ability to release chlorine ions in wind-blown concrete is that even if the specimen containing the industrial A-type industrial ash contains more porosity than the control sample (ash-free), the reduction of chlorine ion release is due to Internal reactions of chlorine ion with alumina phases were observed.