The meaning of life in the works of Leo Tolstoy and the meaning therapy of Victor Frankl

In this article, we have described the characteristics of a healthy personality by studying the perspective of Victor Frankl, the founder of the school of “logotherapy”, and adapting it to four Tolstoy novels. Just like Frankl, Tolstoy seeks to define and explain a kind of self-awareness by depicting one's relationship to himself in the first place, and then to determine a healthy personality in the school of psychotherapy. In progressive research, we have achieved a literary expression of the effect of the value of life on a healthy personality by analyzing the behaviors and actions of the main characters of the novels and adapting them to the characteristics that Frankel had mentioned about the value of life (work, love, suffering, guilt, morbidity, and religion). To answer the question of what specific features are present in the main characters of Tolstoy's novels that are compatible and overlap with the main features of Frankl's intended healthy human being, we have found out that the threefold values are more manifested in the characters of Anna Karenina, than in the other novels. In Resurrection, Sergei's father and the Death of Ivan Illich, attitude values ​​are more prominent, and despite the occurrence of sequential events, some dynamic characters become better characters with healthy personalities over time. Accordingly, and with regard to the fundamental issue in progressive research, the characteristics of the novel's protagonists seem to be consistent with what Frankel has defined.