Comparative analysis of alternative approaches to rural development in the policy system of Iran and the world

Rural settlements as units of cultural, economic, social, ecological contact and exchange are places where civilizations are rooted and then spread throughout the human life sphere. it is also important , due to the role of villages in ensuring sustainable food security and national development of countries, with regard to rural development. Therefore, in recent decades, human development and welfare, improving the quality of life, living condition and solving environmental problems in rural areas has become one of the global concerns and various governments around the world have tried to achieve rural development, to prepare policies and programs in this regard, in accordance with the situation of rural settlements in their country. In fact, in the field of rural development, since the 1970s, due to the inefficiency of classical approaches in the field of development, new approaches to rural development have been proposed as "alternative approaches" that should be new and efficient approaches to development in the policy-making process. Rural, including sustainable development and integrated development, was used to improve the quality of life, increase the self-esteem of the villagers, and the growth and development of rural settlements in various dimensions. In this regard, the evaluation and analysis of Iran's rural development policy and planning system and its comparative analogy with rural development policies of other countries is important. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparative analysis of alternative approaches in the rural development policy system of Iran and the world. The results showed that the use of integrated, comprehensive and sustainable development strategy through the preparation and implementation of appropriate plans at the local level can be an effective measure in the process of rural development in countries. Successful countries in rural development programs such as India and the European Union use specific strategies (sustainable rural development, integrated development) to formulate their development plans and policies, and taking into account the specific budget and responsible organizations to pursue this. Strengthening the major socio-economic infrastructure in rural areas and reducing poverty and deprivation. At the same time, our country lacks a clear strategy for integrated and sustainable rural development.