Creep of Maragheh city and land use changes of Peripheral

Urban development is an important economic and social phenomenon that has a great impact on the performance of ecological systems. Today, the rapid growth of cities and greater mastery of the environment have led to faster and more widespread environmental change. Therefore, the analysis of the pattern of urban development by using measurement techniques and the measurements of the face of the Land play an important role in the management and planning of cities and reduce environmental degradation. In this regard, the present study examines the growth and development patterns of the city of Maragheh and parts of its surroundings to provide corrective measures to improve its ecological processes. In this regard, initially land use maps for 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016 were prepared using Landsat satellite images. In order to analyze the changes, land use metrics have been used and to determine the scattered urban growth, the Holdern method has been used. The results of the Holdern model show that between 1986 and 2016, only 34% of the growth of Maragheh city was due to population growth and 66% was related to other factors such as (land exchange, land transfer outside the city limits). Also, the trend of changes in metrics in different time periods has shown a decrease in continuity and integration in land uses as well as a decrease in the internal growth pattern and consequently an increase in the external Creep of Maragheh city; Therefore, it can be concluded that the pattern of urban growth has been balanced horizontally by destroying orchids and fertile agricultural lands and natural resources and replacing them with the texture of scattered and incoherent urban and rural neighborhoods.