Critical Analysis of Fakhr-e-Razi 's Theory of Multiple Nature of Human Beings

One of the fundamental anthropological issues that has multiple theological consequences is the unity or plurality of human nature. Fakhr-e-Razi is a Muslim thinker who has considered the multiplicity of human nature and has used verses, narrations, induction, and exploration to argue for his theory. Examination of the arguments provided by Fakhr-e-Razi shows that they merely show the multiplicity of human beings and that none of them can support his claim for the plurality of human nature. The logical form of Fakhr-e-Razi's theory is that he considers human states and attributes such as jealousy, avarice, generosity and courage as constituents that lead to the realization of human types, while such attributes do not have the characteristics of logical constituents. In addition, the theory of the multiplicity of human nature has unacceptable consequences such as the collapse of all constitutional arguments, determinism, skepticism of commandments, the impossibility of legislation for society and the impossibility of establishing humanities. The present study has adopted a descriptive, analytical-critical library method.