Study of habitats and associated plant species with gray almond (Amygdalus eburnea Spach.), an endemic species of Iran

Gray almond (Amygdalus eburnea spach.) is one of the most common endemic plants of arid and semi-arid sections of Iran, with medicinal value and important in protection of soil and prevention of soil erosion. Also, there are many other plant species associated with Amygdalus eburnea Spach. which potentially contribute to soil conservation and ecosystem dynamics. Though extensive in distribution, information available about the gray almond habitat characteristics is scarce. In this research, characteristics of 52 habitats of Amygdalus eburnea Spach. were studied covering much of Iran. Ecological data were collected, ecosystem disturbance status recorded and the plant species associated with this species collected and identified. The study of habitat conditions showed that this species grows more in sandy and light-textured rocky areas of the southern and south-eastern aspects. The results showed that Artemisia sieberi Besser. and Amygdalus scoparia Spach. are the dominant associated species of gray almond in almost 90% of habitats. Results showed the biggest habitat disturbance and habitat loss was caused by domestic livestock grazing.