Estimation of Recharge and Flow Exchange between River and Aquifer Based on Coupled Surface Water-Groundwater Model

Integrated operation of surface water and groundwater resources is one of the most important challenges facing water resources researchers. Integrated use is, in fact, the exploitation of surface and groundwater resources in order to increase the amount of available water and the sustainable use of available water resources. Therefore, one of the main goals of the present study is to simulate the interaction of surface water and groundwater by creating a dynamic couple between the WEAP surface water model and the MODFLOW groundwater model in the Miandarband plain. In this regard, the Soil Moisture Hydrological method was used to simulate the unsaturated zone of the soil. The results of simulation of surface and groundwater interaction were presented and the conditions for the use of water resources in the area was investigated for the continuous current policy. One of the most important achievements of this research is the simulation of saturated and unsaturated zones of the soil using complete hydroclimatology balance components as a coupled model of surface and groundwater. In the period of 6 years, the highest amount of aquifer recharge in the Miandarband plain, is about 10 to 19 million cubic meters in November to March. In some of these months, in addition to rainfall, the aquifer recharge is due to the infiltration of irrigation water. The highest rate of groundwater drowdown (7.5 meters) is related to the northern part of the plain and the average drowdown in the whole plain at the end of the 6-year operation period (October 2007 to September 2013) will be about 4 meters.