Investigation the anti-inflammatory effects of postbiotic-chitosan wound dressing in cutaneous wound healing: A rat model study

Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process. Wound dressings have gain considerable attention because of antimicrobial properties and accelerating wound healing process. Chitosan is a biodegradable polymer with antibacterial effects which has great application in production of novel wound dressings. The aim of this study was production a novel wound dressing based on the metabolite of Lactobacillus reuteri and chitosan and evaluation of its effect on excisional wound model. For this purpose, cell free supernatant of the bacterium was prepared and mixed with chitosan: polyethylene glycol suspension. The suspension was dried after casting and evaluated. Then, 45 male wistar rats (3 weeks and 200-240 g body weight) were randomly divided in 3 groups (Ctrl-: without treatment, Chitosan: treatment with chitosan dressing, Postbiotic: treatment with bacterial supernatant: chitosan dressing). After 10 days of adaptation, a cutaneous wound with 1.3 ×1.3 cm2 diameter was created on the back of animals. Immediately, the wounds were covered with correlated dressings and stabilized. Three rats from each group were selected and sacrificed on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 of post wounding. Wound healing effect was evaluated by identification of wound surface area and histological analysis. Besides, the level of IL-1 and IL-6 gene expression were quantified by RT-PCR methods. Results showed that application of postbiotis dressing accelerated wound healing process in rats. Histological analysis proved the positive effects of this dressing in accelerating of inflammatory phase and elastin-collagen deposition. It could be concluded that postbiotic dressing improve wound healing process by reducing the inflammatory phase and initiation of proliferative phase.