Presenting a Three-Dimensional Model in Explaining the Problem of Civil Disobedience in Iran of decads 1370 - 1390

Civil disobedience is political action that transfers citizens' extrajudicial demands peacefully to political decision-makers without challenging the generality of a political system. Civil disobedience seems to require cultural, political and social preconditions to make a difference. Political culture and citizenship are among the most important preconditions for effective civil disobedience; that is, a flexible and participatory political culture, as well as the institutionalization of the citizen's position, can prevent civil disobedience from being suppressed and transformative. At the same time, it seems that popular theories of civil disobedience (including Durkin, Rawls, Habermas, Arendt) cannot fully analyze the civil protests in post-Islamic Iran society. On the basis of this paper, the following paper has designed a three-dimensional model based on Almond political culture, Giddens-agent-structure interaction, and Durkin reading positive civil disobedience, which can be a precondition for disobedience as a right or responsibility. The results of this paper show that mixed political culture (mere subordinate and restricted-participatory), interdependent and fragmented civil society, passive citizenship and evasion of responsibility and the ideological attitude of the sovereign to any protest action on the other have led to civil disobedience. It should not be recognized as a right of responsibility by the GOA. The present paper uses a thematic principle to formulate a theory of civil disobedience in Iranian society.