A Brief Overview of the Latest Treatment Guidelines for Lipid Disorders in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults

Increased urbanization in developing countries has led to increase in non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Primary prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease could be achieved by promoting healthy lifestyle throughout life. Team care approach is an effective strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease. Physicians should consider social factors affecting health to make appropriate treatment decisions. The present study will provide a brief overview of the latest clinical guidelines for treatment of lipid disorders in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults.

In this narrative review, a comprehensive search of electronic databases (pubmed, scopus, google scholar, uptodate, and Embace) was done using the following keywords: primary prevention, cardiovascular disease, LDL cholesterol, and guideline. The goal of this study was to review the latest guidelines for lipid treatment in prevention of cardiovascular disease from 2015 onwards. Six articles were obtained in this field.

To prevent cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients aged 40-75 years, a moderate dose of statin is recommended. In non-diabetic patients, high-dose statin should be given for LDL levels ≥ 190 mg/dL. Also, 10-year risk of atherosclerotic heart disease should be calculated in non-diabetic patients aged 40-75 years old with LDL levels of 70-190 mg/dL to make treatment decisions.

According to access to the latest clinical guidelines, depending on patient's condition and type of disorder, therapeutic interventions in lipid disorders are recommended for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.