Determination of Doxorubicin in Urine Samples using Syringe to Syringe Dispersive Liquid-Phase Microextraction through Fluorescence Spectrometry

In this research, to identify the trace amount of doxorubicin, a syringe-to-syringe dispersive liquidphase  microextraction (SS-DLPME)  procedure  combined  with  fluorescence  spectrometry  was applied.  The  syringe-to-syringe  process  was used  to  speed  up  the  formation  of  the  acceptable cloudy  solution  by  a  low  volume  of  extraction  solvent,  which reduced  the  equilibrium  time  and increased the extraction  efficiency. To optimize the parameters affecting the procedure, pH, type and  volume  of  extraction  solvent,  the effect  of  salt,  the  number  of  injections,  and  the centrifuge speed were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of doxorubicin was found to be 3.0-300.0  ng  mL-1.  The  limit  of  detection,  the  limit  of  quantification,  inter-day,  and  intra-day precision  (RSD%)  were  0.76,  2.55  ng  mL-1,  0.82-2.11%  and  1.20-  2.37%,  respectively.  The proposed  method  was  successfully  applied  for  pre-concentration  and  determination  of  the doxorubicin in urine samples.