Despite lack of studies on it, organizational transparency is an issue that has greatly attracted politicians and researchers. This concept refers to the free flow of information easily accessed by all stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that have been found to be effective on and affected by organizational transparency in the previous studies in Iran. This study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method, and was conducted through meta-analysis method using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. The examination of 21 selected studies in this field led to the identification of 7 independent and 18 dependent variables. The results of the meta-analysis showed that appropriate strategy, public responsibility, genuine leadership, social capital, change-oriented leadership, and innovative leadership have the strongest effects on the formation and improvement of organizational transparency in the Iranian organizations. Moreover, the results of this study showed that organizational transparency affects important organizational variables such as empowerment, organizational communications, organizational spirituality, organizational health, organizational capital, organizational trauma management, organizational culture, organizational performance, employees’ organizational silence, customer satisfaction, job compatibility, organizational conflicts, administrative corruption, employees’ moral behaviors, organizational citizenship behaviors, job commitment, organizational loyalty, and organizational trust.