Identification of chemical constituents and evaluation of allelopathic potential of field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat

Allelopathy is defined as biochemical interactions among plants by releasing the chemical compounds known as allelochemical. These compounds can affect the growth and physiological processes of receiver plants. The present study was aimed at the identification of chemical constituents of ethanolic extract from root, stem, leaf, and flower of Convolvulus arvensis L. and its allelopathic activity on growth and physiological parameters of Triticum aestivum L. experimental design was completely randomized design with three replications. A total of 23 compounds were identified in ethanolic extracts which palmitic acid, 9-octadecenal, 9-octadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid were the major compounds. The results indicated that the germination and early growth of wheat were reduced by extracts especially in higher concentrations (50 and 100 g/L). Photosynthetic pigments content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) was reduced. Total soluble proteins content was mostly increased by increasing the concentration of the extracts. Catalase activity was increased in low concentrations but decreased by high concentrations. A decreasing trend was observed in the peroxidase activity. Malondialdehyde content was increased with increasing the concentration of the extracts, indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress in both shoot and root of wheat seedlings. It was concluded that the extracts from different organs of field bindweed negatively affected the growth and physiological processes and cause oxidative stress in wheat seedlings.