A review on metamaterial types, additive manufacturing technique and its application in automotive industry

The prefix "meta" in "metamaterial" is the Greek word, which means beyond the material. Therefore, metamaterials have properties beyond natural materials. The properties of these materials are not affected by the material from which they are composed, however, their properties depend on their structure. This particular structure in metamaterials is produced by the repetition of similar components or arrays called cells. Therefore, metamaterials have a very complex structure. As a result, the high ability of additive manufacturing to fabricate complex structures has drawn attention to this technology. There are different types of metamaterials that are generally divided into four groups, each of which is widely used in various fields, including defense, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. The purpose of compiling this article is to get acquainted with the types of metamaterials, different cells, applications, and methods of manufacturing these materials comprehensively and categorized. This article also specifically examines the application of metamaterials in the automotive industry.