Evaluation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase's expression pattern and some related genes in response to salinity stress in bread wheat

Salinity is one of the most determinative abiotic stresses in wheat cultivation. In order to overcome this concern, understanding how genes respond and act under stress conditions can provide useful information for plant breeding to withstand environmental stresses. The aim of this study was to identify genes with significant differences between two normal and stress conditions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Gene expression patterns of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, serine-threonine protein kinase and Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member I1, chloroplastic-like showed that: under salt stress, the genes expression levels have increased while the expression of Proline dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial like, Putative calcium binding protein CML29 and GDSL_esterase / lipase_At2g40250-like genes decreased compared to control. Proline content and expression of key genes involved in proline biosynthesis under stress conditions showed significant changes in comparison with control conditions. Salinity stress induced P5CS expression and increased proline levels, which could indicate the crucial role of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase as valuable gene transfer from stress tolerant to sensitive plant to increase plant tolerance under salinity.