Reconstruction of the Theological System of Arius about the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit

Christianity is an Abrahamic religion and believes in monotheism on the one hand, and constantly emphasizes the three concepts of Father, Son and Holy Spirit on the other hand. Determining the nature of the relationship between these three concepts has been one of the most important issues in classical Christian theology. With regard to these three essential foundations, Arius, one of the theologians of the Patriarchal Age, holds a view which has been regarded heresy and has been condemned by the Council of Nicaea since (325 AD). Drawing on the historical-analytical method, this article seeks to identify related intellectual contexts and reconstruct his theology based on the reliable works of Arius. This study shows that Arius believed that the father is transcendent and the other, and in terms of eternity and essence, he is alone and unique. By his own will, the Father created the Son out of nothingness to mediate the creation of time and the universe. The Son is not the same as the Father in terms of eternity and essence; the Father-Son relationship is the creator’s relationship with the creature; and the Holy Spirit is the first creation of the Son, and these three essential foundations are different in essence and glory.