Investigation of the Anticancer Effects of Nanocomposite of the Modified Graphene Oxide with Isatin-3-Semicarbazone on the Retinoblastoma Cells (Y79) Invitro

The most common ocular tumor is retinoblastoma, which can be treated by different methods. The use of carbon nanostructures has attracted much attention due to their unique properties, such as crossing cell membranes, for cancer diagnosis and other medical applications. This study aimed to investigate and assess the toxicity of the modified graphene oxide (GO) with isatin-3-semicarbazone (ISA) in order to treat retinoblastoma.

This study utilized ISA to modify the GO. Subsequently, the modified GO-ISA was characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscope, and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis. The cell toxicity of samples was assessed by MTT assay for two types of cells of retinoblastoma (Y79) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) after 24 h at different concentrations. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The results showed that in the concentration range of 10-50 µL, GO-ISA decreased significantly (P<0.01) the conservation percentage of retinoblastoma cells from 73.98% to 27.48%, while these values for ADSC decreased from 78.16% to 50.11% (P<0.01). In addition, GO-ISA at 30 µL resulted in a significant increase (P<0.01) in the cell toxicity of the retinoblastoma (26%), compared to GO.

GO-ISA increases the toxicity of the retinoblastoma cells, compared to GO which was significant at 30 µL. Therefore, this modification of the surface can be useful in future applications. With this modification of the surface, the active sites are provided for the biological and pharmacogenetic reactions in future.