Typology of semi-open spaces in the vernacular houses of the Safavid and Qajar periods of Naein historic city

The architecture of Vernacular houses in many desert cities - based on climatic, functional and cultural considerations - is formed in a combination of open, semi-open and closed spaces. Each of these spaces, in turn, in accordance with the conditions mentioned (and especially climatic characteristics and regulation of environmental conditions) have emerged in different types and kinds. Among these, semi-open spaces have a special and readable place, mainly as an intermediate link and areas between open and closed spaces. A look at the vernacular houses of Naein city, as one of the cities located in the hot and dry climate of the desert, also shows that in the architecture of these houses, special attention has been paid to the formation of semi-open spaces and different types of these spaces have been created. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying semi-open spaces in Safavid and Qajar houses of Naein city and tried to identify the architectural components and features of these spaces and explain their relationship with other related spaces. This article is based on descriptive-analytical and comparative comparison research method and has collected the required data through field observations, referring to library sources, historical documents and also referring to oral sources. In order to limit the scope of research, the studies focus only on houses belonging to the Safavid and Qajar periods in the city of Naein. The Results show that generally in Safavid and Qajar houses of Naein, semi-open spaces (despite having various ratios of the total area of the building) often on average with an area of about 6% of the total houses spaces in combination with closed and open spaces have been used. In this regard, three types of semi-open space including "Ivan", "Ivancheh" and "Talar" can be identified, each of which has its own unique characteristics in terms of shape, location and function.