Effect of seed priming on some morphophysiological characteristics of three wheat cultivars under laboratory and greenhouse conditions

To investigate effect of seed priming treatments on some morphophysiological characteristics of three bread wheat cultivars including “Rijaw”, “Sardari” and “Karim”, an experiment was carried out as factorial, based on completely randomized designs with three replications at Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center on 2016. In this study, 40 treatments of priming and a control (without any priming) were evaluated. The results of variance analysis showed that cultivar and priming interaction on the measured traits were significant at 1% probability level in laboratory culture. In terms of greenhouse culture, the interaction between cultivars and priming on root dry weight was significant at 1% probability level, but for dry weight of shoot parts, it was significant at 5% probability level. Based on ranking of means, the highest level of germination percentage was obtained in Sardari cultivar with 100 mg/L ascorbic acid treatments. The highest dry weight of the shoot was related to Rijjaw cultivar, with salicylic acid 150 mg/L, ascorbic acid 100 mg/L, and 5.1 mg/L 24-epibrassinolide respectively. In laboratory conditions, the highest root length was related to Karim cultivar, which was obtained in priming treatment 0.5 mg/L 24-epibrassinolide. Suitable priming treatments in this study were, hormonal treatments of gibberellic acid and 24-epibrassinolide, urea treatments with concentrations of 2 and 4 g per liter, zinc sulfate at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.3%, and Ascorbic acid with 100 mg/l, osmopriming treatment including polyethylene glycol 4000 with -2.3 and -2.9 bar, 100 mM potassium chloride and hydroperimizing with distilled water was determined. Regarding the development of roots of Sardari variety by hormonal treatments, especially gibberellic acid, this treatment will be more suitable for dryland conditions.