Thermal analysis of biological tissue based on a modified heat transfer model in a porous medium

Cancer is defined as uncontrolled growth and spead of cells. Thermal therapy is a prevalent tumor treatment in which body tissue is exposed to high temperatures. In this study, a non-Fourier model is applied to circumvent the problem of quick response of changes to the thermal gradient in the biological therapies. Another drawback in the biological thermal equations is that blood direction does not affect the thermal distribution. In the current study, two bio-heat transfer models, porous medium model and Pennes’ model in both Fourier and non-Fourier conditions are used to predict the temperature response of a spherical tissue. This study considers two pairs of blood vessel sizes and velocities for several values of porosity and perfusion coefficients. Thermal equilibrium is observed in the smaller blood diameter sizes. Another interesting result obtained in the non-Fourier condition of Pennes model is that the temperature of the tissue remains constant after finishing the implementation of thermal dose. By increasing the relaxation time, the temperature of the tissue becomes independent of perfusion coefficient, in such a way that the tissue temperature becomes constant in 38 °C in relaxation time of 10 sec.