The Sociological Study of Ethnic Social Movements in Balochistan of Iran in the Pahlavi Period

Social Movements have a great effect on the destiny and structure of the society, as far as they cause many changes in the society and international relationship in one side, and prevent from some specific changes on the other side. Since social movements are against current social order, they can be the source of many changes in the structure and upcoming destiny of the society. The discussion over racial movements in multi-racial society is also crucial. In Iran, there are different races such as Fars, Kurd, Baloch, Lore, Turk, Arab, etc. which in different ages caused many movements and parties that affected the central policy of the country. In this study, we study the movements of Baloch race and their roots, goals, and causality. And these movements have been criticized according to Charles Tilly's theory. The research method in this research has been historical-analytical. It can be said that the emergence of social movements in Balochistan of Iran, has been largely influenced by ethnic movements in Balochistan of Pakistan. Also, the present study shows that regional factors have been the most important factors in encouraging the independence thoughts among Baloches. Some of the racial Baloch-based movements are the Independence Movement of Doust Muhammad Khan, The liberator Front of Balochistan, The Democratic Party of Balochistan, and The Muslim League Party. According to Tilly's theory, these movements were not national movements, because governments did not play much of a role in organizing and directing these movements, but were more like revolutionary movements.