Genetic studies in ancient excavations (geoarchaeology)

One of the cultural rationales is the bone remains (animal or human) found by archaeologists at historical sites. Identifying and preserving them is very important to determine the identity and authenticity of an ethnic group, and identifying and recognizing their genetic characteristics is a key step in this direction. DNA from archaeological and paleontological remains makes it possible to go back in time and study the genetic relationships of extinct organisms with their contemporary families. This offers a new perspective on the evolution of organisms and their DNA sequences. Archaeological remains of ancient DNA should be examined in such a way that the results can be spoken with confidence [5]; The challenge now is to facilitate these processes so that they can be extracted from molecular biology laboratories and placed in the archaeological environment and in the hands of archaeologists. The study of ancient bones and skeletons is called ancient DNA, which is used in various fields, including zoology, botany, forensics, and anthropology and genealogy. This article will talk about the issues as well as what part of the cell is used in more detail. tudy of ancient DNA, given that the DNA of the nucleus has been destroyed and can not be extracted; Therefore, mitochondrial DNA is studied on a specific region.