A Study of “Nietzsche’s Theory of Superman” and Its Critique Based on the Qur’anic Views of Allameh Javadi Amoli

Friedrich Nietzsche, the German philosopher, based on a nihilistic philosophy aimed at elucidating the status of human, presented a system in order to criticize the previous approaches to human and the subsequent atrocities that modernity and the like inflicted on the human’s status. This system led to the engenderment of a superman, believing in which would result in the death of God. Nietzsche’s school of thought, like other atheistic and human schools of thought, faced a wave of opposition and criticism, but while being condemned and having numerous flaws, it still remains the main strategy of the hegemonic system and capitalism of the Western modernity. The present article, with its library method and descriptive-analytical and critical approach, seeks to critique this theory based on the Qur’anic views of Ayatollah Abdollah Javadi Amoli. This theory, with various principles and foundations, such as the principle of struggle for existence and advocacy of the school of power, relativism, denying fundamentals, and materialism, and the preference of the body over the soul, contrast the Qur’anic and rational ideas which emphasis the dignity, caliphate, grace, and the heavenly status of human and the purposefulness of existence. Adherence to principles and foundations, misunderstanding ethics and believing in the relativity of moral concepts, misunderstanding human, his creation and its goals, and his place in the universe are among the challenges of this theory. The superman theory has a great internal contradiction that invalidates it.