Design a conceptual model of bullwhip effect reduction strategies in closed loop supply chains(Case study: automotive oil production industries)

Simultaneous attention to forward and backward supply chains has created a new concept in the supply chain literature as closed-loop supply chains. The purpose of this study is to design a conceptual model of effective strategies on bullwhip effect reduction in the closed loop supply chain. This research is a descriptive survey in terms of applied purpose and in terms of type and method of data collection. The statistical population of the study consists of 75 industrial and academic experts in the field of automobile oil production in the country. Then, by studying the research background, 8 effective strategies on bullwhip effect reduction in the closed-loop supply chain were identified and adjusted by summarizing the opinions of 5 academic experts. The instrument used in this study is a pairwise comparisons questionnaire containing 8 identified strategies. Then, using interpretive structural modeling technique, 8 identified strategies were structured in 5 general levels. The research findings indicate that the strategies of "creating policies for periodic review of inventory control and production planning" and "availability of information on the parameters of recycled products" are at the initial level of the model. Also, the research findings indicate that the strategies of "increasing visibility in the process of product recovery in the supply chain process backwards using the product exchange policy with the customer" and " product delivery time reduction" at the final level of the model.