Science and praxis; Society as a reference for the validity of knowledge

Validity of Knowledge is the most important issue of science studies in philosophy and sociology. Exploring knowledge and questioning its validity introduced science as a social phenomenon and introduced sociology into the debate. These developments have revolved around the concept of praxis as the foundation of society and social phenomena. Clearly, Marx and Wittgenstein introduced praxis and consciousness – and therefore science - in conjunction. This article argues that from the perspective of praxis, science is bound by the requirements of the collective action of the actors and the question of the validity of the findings is left to the analysis of social relations that surrounding science.Applying this position to sociology, which is the science of praxis itself, complicates the situation; The criterion for the validity of sociological findings is adherence to the praxis of social agents in the form of class. This position prevents sociologists from imposing the praxis on the subject of studying and distorting social facts and prevents the objectification of the studied groups. This position also dissolves the exhausting dualities of subject/ object and micro/ macro, while leading to the Fertility of sociology in the face of the concrete situation of Iranian society.