The Philosophical Premises of the Medical Knowledge in Islamic Civilization

All sciences such as the natural sciences are based on the essentials and philosophical principles. The imagination (conception) that man has of existence and the general relation between phenomena is influential in his different activities, especially in the cognition of phenomena. Despite the impact of these philosophical principles and bases on the scholars’ mind and thought but in the natural sciences itself they are not debated but their existence (being) is considered (thought) to be accurate and assumed. Medical science in the Islamic civilization is one of the most successful and notable natural science that is not an exception to this principle and this science also based on the philosophical principles and bases of Muslim physicians has been compiled and promoted. With applying the content analysis method this note with studying and analyzing the medical sources derives and determines the philosophical premises which have been paid attention to and utilized consciously or unconsciously by them or if they have not explicitly been in the pivot centre of their study or attention but they have comprised the foundation of their scientific explanation.