Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Yield Components and Water Productivity of Pinto Beans Using Drip Tape Irrigation in Khorramabad Climatic

Irrigation has greatly contributed to crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. In addition, agricultural production in irrigated lands is more sustainable than in rain feed lands, which has helped significantly stabilize food prices in the world (Hanjra et al., 2009; Rosegrant and Cline, 2003). Considering the role of irrigation and scarce water resources, the United Nations Development Program has predicted that the future of food supply for the world's growing population will be affected by the water crisis, not the crisis of arable land (Du Toit, 2011). Therefore water is a major player in increasing agricultural production (Hanjra and Qureshi, 2010). At the same time, competition for water between the agricultural, industrial and urban sectors is also increasing (Dubois, 2011). Under such circumstances, any method or technology that can increase the productivity of water consumption (product per unit volume of water) will contribute to the development of food security. Naturally, cheap and simple methods and technologies, especially among low-income farmers in developing countries, will become more common; deficit irrigation is one of them.Beans are an important source of protein, fiber, and nutrients and have for centuries played an important role in the human diet (Yonts et al., 2018). The bean is a water-consuming plant, its net water requirement in the Khorramabad Plain (Project Area) is about 5500 m3/ha, which is 2.5 times more than wheat and 2 times more than rapeseed (Zabihiafrous et al., 2018). Deficit irrigation of beans can be an effective solution to reduce the irrigation water consumption of this crop and increase its water productivity.