Anxiety, Depression, and Their Contributing Factors among Nurses Infected with COVID-19 in Iran: A Cross-sectional Study

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is a great challenge among  healthcare workers, especially nurses,duet othei rmoref requent and closer contact with patients.

This study aimed to evaluate anxiety, depression, and their causes among nurses with COVID-19 infection in different wards of a hospital.

This cross-sectionalstudy was carried out between February 1stto October 30th, 2020, among all nurses with COVID-19 infection in different wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital (university hospital), Tehran, Iran. The nurses were contacted by phone, and data were collected using a self-administered, valid, structured questionnaireconsisting ofsociodemographic characteristics and clinical symptoms. Psychological complications, including anxiety and depression levels, were assessed and their association with other sociodemographic variables was also evaluated.

A total of 158 nurses were entered into the study, out of which 112 (70.2%) cases were females. Among all participants, 72.8%and 42.4% of the subjects reported anxiety and depression, respectively. The frequency of moderate to severe anxiety was significantly greater in women than in men (P<0.001). The infected nurses who worked in low-risk departments experienced a greater proportion of moderate to severe depression (P=0.004). In addition, the most prevalent reason for anxiety and depression was found to be the fear of infecting family members.

Nurses bear a significant psychological burden during the COVID-19 pandemic, markedly when they get infected and experience clinical symptoms. Therefore, the government and other staff should provide some facilities and supportive administrative work for reducing anxiety and depressionand improving nurses' psychological health.