A review on the investment casting process in the arts and jewelry industries

The investment casting process is a reliable way to produce complex and delicate shapes , with good surface quality and high dimensional accuracy. The main advantage of investment casting is the ability to produce a wide variety of products from different industries, and non-machinable components can be cast in the same predetermined way, so that the final component generally does not need to be welded and assembled, thus saving time and money. This method was used in ancient times to produce weapons, jewelry and artistic sculptures. Over the centuries, this technology has advanced and is used in the casting of various works of art, industrial parts and the production of turbine blades. The present article is an overview of the application of investment casting process in the production of artistic pieces. In this article, investment casting history, model wax properties, adhesives, additives and fillers, ceramic shell fabrication process for non-ferrous alloys, comparison of microwave and autoclave dewaxing methods, smelting and final operations, 3D printing method for Model construction and finally the simulations used to predict defects and model optimization will be reviewed separately.