A Historical Perspective to Sunn Pest (Eurygaster integriceps) Management of Wheat from Traditional to Modern Methods

Triticum aestivum L. is an important food crop that provides more than 40% of the per capita calories and protein in the diet in many developing countries. Wheat production plays an important role in food security and the global economy. Sunn pest is one of the most serious pests of wheat in Asia, North Africa, and Eastern Europe. Yield losses caused by Sunn pest are estimated at 50-90% in wheat in case of pest out break. The use of chemical pesticides is the most common method of controlling Sunn pest. Although chemical pesticides have decreased in recent years, the damage caused by the chemicals, and how long they remain in the environment are the causes of most worrying. Thus, finding more effective alternative methods to be safer are a necessity. The Promising new technologies are attractive on many levels, mainly because they have been developed to target specific species and eradicate pest populations more gently. Many researchers worldwide have performed several studies to control various pests using new techniques such as RNA interference, genomic modification, and microbiome studies. The use of new methods may play effective roles in controlling the sunn pest of wheat and reduce some concerns.