Clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of COVID -19 infection and risk of in-hospital mortality. A single center study

Despite advances in preventive measures, COVID -19 spread and mortality is continuing due to delay in timely diagnosis. This problem is partly dependent on variations in disease characteristics, distribution of risk factors particularly comorbidities and demographic characteristics of patients. This study aimed to determine the clinical presentation and associated factors of mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID -19 infection.

Patients were divided into survivor and deceased groups, and clinical and laboratory findings and factors associated with mortality between the two groups were compared by calculating odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

A total of 257 patients (female 45.1%) with a mean age of 59.8+15.7 years and a mean hospital stay of 4.89+3.57 days were studied. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and chronic renal disease (CRD) were found in 29.6%, 37.5%, 16.3% and 3.5% of all patients, respectively. Forty-one (16%) patients died. Factors such as age >50 years, coexisting CRD, serum creatinine > 2 mg/dl; SPO2 <70% lymphocytes < 20% during hospitalization were independently associated with mortality. The adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 10.08 (1.39-73); 4.51(1.15-17.61); 6 (1.14-31.5); 16.8(2.93-96.7); and 4.9(1.31-18.1), respectively. Most of the expected effective drugs were not associated with lower mortality.

These results indicate a high in-hospital mortality rate in COVID -19 patients. Some mortality factors occurring during hospitalization were reversible and could be prevented by timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment