From Kant’s Subjectivism to Nietzsche’s Perspectivism

In this paper, through discussing and understanding the modernism and subjectivism of Kant (as a representative of modernity) in epistemology and its transition to postmodernism on one hand, and the perspectivism of Nietzsche (as one of the founders of postmodernism) on the other, we try to call attention to this important point that both views are on the same path in terms of using the role of the cognitive subject in the practice of knowing and receiving the truth. Although the practice of cognitive subject in Kant’s rationalist idealism (which is based on the Aristotelian view that all people can enjoy the same reason) leads to the theory of absolute cognition in both the critique of theoretical reason and the critique of practical reason, in Nietzsche, however, we arrive at relativism and pluralism. and pluralism from the heart of the same cognitive agent with a landscape perspective. It means that in Nietzsche’s philosophy, the perspective and origin of thought in every subject constitutes multiple cognitions of them and the most important constituent material of these perspectives is the will to power, which is the natural and existential law of every being, including the human cognitive subject.