The Realm of Exercising the Religious Law as Governing Law in Arbitral Tribunals

The development of international commercial contracts and the growth of the isolation of domestic laws from religious roots from one side and jus cogens or ius cogens (compelling law) written in the religious texts on transactions from the other side has established this problem that parties of agreement can deviate from domestic (national) rules which are enacted by states to choose the religious law as governing rules in an agreement. Does the tribunal itself without the consent of the parties in the claim exercise the religious law as the non-state legal rules? Sometimes parties of the commercial agreement for reasons such as religious interests tend to exercise the religious law as the governing rules over the agreement. Sometimes, the tribunal in spite of the silence of the parties in the claim will enforce a non-state law over the subject matter of the arbitration. Although the reality of the commercial world makes it possible to be chosen and enforced the religious principles by parties and the arbitral tribunal in the international commercial contracts but the practical procedure and the regulations of the arbitration in the different legal systems indicating impossibility of enforcement of the religious law by the arbitrators in the supposition of the silence of parties in claim (parties of claim or dispute).