Simulation of Pollution in the Steep Mountainous Rivers, using QUAL2KW.

In general, the entry of sewage into rivers and the decomposition into river water has led to a reduction in water quality and, in particular, a decrease in DO concentration (Sarda and Sadgir 2015). To have the optimal water quality characteristic, river reception capacity should remain within acceptable limits along the river. Using management tools, including water quality simulation models, can be very beneficial in this context. QUAL2KW is one of the best tools to simulate water quality due to its flexibility, ease of use, and availability. Studies with the QUAL2KW model for simulating water quality in rivers and basins using parameters BOD (Fang et al. 2008), Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and COD (Grabiç et al., 2011) have been carried out. This study aims to provide a model for simulating water quality parameters in rivers with steep slopes and short paths. Therefore, the analysis of BOD, DO, and COD qualitative parameters and awareness of the Abbas-Abad River's location and time trends (seasonal) in Hamadan during dry and wet seasons were considered.