Inhibitory effect of Carum copticum, Rosa damascene mill, Anethum graveolens and Cuminum cyminum essential oils on some food-borne microbes

Due to the increasing need to gain knowledge about the inhibitory effects of plants, in this study, the antimicrobial effects of Carum copticum, Rosa damascene, Anethum graveolens and Cuminum cyminum essential oils on some bacteria and yeast were investigated. The essential oils were extracted using a Clevenger apparatus and their compounds were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the essential oils were determined and their antimicrobial properties were compared by well-diffusion method. MIC results of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus showed that Cuminum cyminum essential oil with 50 µg/ml had the lowest bactericidal effect. The essential oils of Carum copticum, Anethum graveolens and Rosa damascene had the highest bactericidal effect with 0.78 μg/ml on the studied bacteria. In the case of Escherichia coli, the highest antimicrobial effect was shown by Carum copticum essential oil at 6.25 μg/ml. Rosa damascene essential oil, with a concentration of 3.12 μg/ml, had the highest antifungal properties on Candida albicans. In the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the most antifungal effect was provided by Rosa damascene and Cuminum cyminum essential oils with 0.78 μg/ml. The antibacterial effect of Carum copticum essential oil was higher than the other three essential oils. In the case of yeasts, Rosa damascene and Cuminum cyminum essential oils had the most antifungal effect. According to the results, Carum copticum essential oil in controlling bacteria and Rosa damascene essential oil in controlling studied yeasts are recommended.