Investigation, Extraction and Chemical Evaluation of Anthocyanin Red Pigment of Nadina Domestica (berberidaceae) shrub in autumn leaves

Studies have proved that the appearance of yellow and red colors in autumn leaves results from carotenoid and anthocyanin pigments, respectively. Anthocyanins are synthesized in certain plants, depending on species composition and phenology, during leaf senescence, in the autumn season at enough sunshine but decreased temperature and day length. In this study, the accumulation of red anthocyanin pigment in Nadina domestica (berberidaceae) shrub autumn leaves was investigated. Leaves of the mentioned shrub were collected from Tehran environment, fully dried, and ground. The anthocyanins and carotenoid content of the powder were extracted using ethanol as a solvent. These pigments were separated by n-hexane solvent. Anthocyanin components were characterized by the following methods UV-visible spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), colorimetry parameters (CIE LAB), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that anthocyanin compounds, including Cyanidin, Delphinidin, Petunidin, Plargonidin, and Malvinidin, are the major and attractive red color anthocyanins of the leaves extract.