Applications of Statistics and Probability in Modern Engineering and Simulation

Statistics deals with the collection, analysis, and use of data to solve problems. All people, both in specialized fields and in everyday life, come across information in the form of numbers or data through contact with the press, radio, television and other mass media. So some understanding of statistics will be useful for everyone. Because engineers, scientists, and administrators are constantly involved in data collection and analysis, statistical knowledge is essential for these disciplines. Experimental and observational studies The general purpose of a statistical research project is to investigate random events, and in particular to draw conclusions about the effect of changes in the value of indicators or independent variables on a response or dependent variable. There are two main methods of random statistical studies: experimental studies and observational studies. In both types of studies, the effect of changes in a non-dependent variable (or variables) on the behavior of dependent variables is observed. The difference between the two methods is in how the study is actually conducted.
In human subject research, a survey is a list of questions that aims to extract specific data from a specific group of people. Surveys may be conducted by telephone, post, Internet, as well as on street corners or shopping malls. Statistics are used to gather or gain knowledge in areas such as social research and demography. Once the data have been collected, either by a specific sampling method or by recording responses to behaviors in an experimental set (experimental design) or by repeatedly observing a process over time (time series), graphical or numerical summaries can be made. Use of descriptive statistics achieved.