Nanoparticles to overcome bacterial resistance in orthopedic and dental implants

An implant is a device for replacing a damaged or deformed joint, bone, or cartilage. Considering the aging population and developing culture of active lifestyles, orthopedic and dental implants have found their stance as a fundamental component of medical sector, which is envisioned to be continuous. Reducing the rate of failures, particularly in cases of bacterial infection, is a necessity for meeting the extending demands for implants. One of the major risk factors of this field is implant infection, which can reduce the effectiveness of treatment, as well as increase the need for corrective surgery or extend the chances of mortality. Traditional antibiotics are incapable of providing the desired effects due to the difficulties of bacterial resistance. The exertion of nanotechnology-based approaches can overcome most of the limitations and obstacles of implants. Nanostructures and nanoparticles can facilitate the production of implant coatings, provide suitable materials for making implants, and function as carriers for the release of antibiotics. There are a number of different nanostructures available for this purpose. Nanoparticles and microstructures contain a larger number of effective bactericidal properties than smooth surfaces due to their significantly increased level of adhesion. This study attempted to investigate the antibacterial properties of nanoparticles in dental and orthopedic implants.